高考英语语法的考点都有哪些

高中语法主要有主谓一致、冠词、代词、连词、介词、动词短语、情态动词、时态语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、动词、从句等。

高考英语语法考点

一、定语从考点

1．which引导的代表整个主句内容的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句时可代表主句内容，前面有逗号与主句隔开。

例句：The CCTV’s 2010 Entertainment Party was successfullyheld on the evening of February 13th，2010， which wasanother great encouragement to all the Chinese．中央电视台2010年春节文娱晚会于2010年2月13日晚成功举行，这对全体中国人民来说又是一个巨大的鼓舞。

2．特定词汇+of whom ，which引导的非限制性定语从句介词(包括复杂介词)，数词(包括数量代词)及其它含局部与整体关系的特定词~E+of whom(指人)／which(指物)可以引导非限制性定语从句，此时前面不可加and，but等连词，该结构也可改为of whom ／which+特定词汇引导定语从句。

例句：Our English teacher has three daughters，all of whom ／ofwhom all are considerate．

我们的英语老师有三个女儿，个个都很善解人意

3．由when．where引导的先行词隐蔽度比较高的定语从句历年的高考考查实践表明，增加定语从句难度的手段之一是增加先行词的隐蔽度，如用point，case，situation等抽象的地点名词做先行词，当其在定语从句中做地点状语时用where引导定语从句的判断难度会增加，用occasion，period等表示抽象时间的名词做先行词，当其在定语从句中做时间状语时用when引导定语从句的判别难度也会增加。

例句：I’m sorry that I can’t think out a situation where thiskind of deion is used．

对不起我想不出这种描绘被使用的场合。

二、名词性从句考点

1．what引导的名词性从句

what可引导名词性从句，表示“. ·-的内容(人、时间、地点、价格、速度、方式等)”。The Great Wall of China is what I most want to visit．长城是我最想参观的地方。

2. that引导的同位语从句

that可引导同位语从句，说明被修饰名词的内容。

例句：Word hascome that the sports meeting will be put of．

有消息说运动会将被推迟。

3．whatever．whoever引导的名词性从句 whatever和whoever可引导名词Jl生从句，前者表示“无论什么 ，后者表示“不管谁 。

例句：You can give the book to whoever you think needs it．

你可以把这本书给任何你认为需要这本书的人。

4．whether,if引导的名词性从句

if只可引导宾语从句且不能和or not连用。whether可引导各种名词性从句且可和or not连用。

例句：When shall we discuss the question whether we will havea picnic next week?

我们什么时候讨论下周是否搞一次野餐的问题?

三、状语从句考点

1．where引导的地点状语从句

where可引导地点状语从句，表示“在..的地方 。0ur school lies where there is a small river．我们学校位于有一条小河的地方。

2．before引导的时间状语从句

before引导时间状语从句时可表示“在..之前，尚未来得及，趁 。

例句：Thenaughty boy had run away before I could call him tostop．

我还没有来得及叫住他，这个调皮男孩就跑开了。

3．unless．as／so long as引导的条件状语从句

unless，as／so long as可弓I导条件状语从句，前者表示。除非 ，后者表示“只要 。

例句：As／So long as you treat them truly，you can win overtheir respect．

只要你真诚地对待他们，你会赢得他们的尊敬。

4 . so that．in case引导的目的状语从句

so that，in ease可引导目的状语从旬，前者表示“以便”，后者表示“以免 。

例句：Please close all the doors and windows in ease it willrain．

请关上所有门窗，以防天会下雨。

5．while引导的让步状语从句

while可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。

例句：While this problem is very difficult，it is very important．

尽管这道题很难，却很重要。

四、情态动词考点

1．推测性情态动词用法

may(可许，可能)，might(可许，可能)，must(一定，必定)，can(或许，可能)均有推测性用法，其中might可能性最小，must可能性最大。may，might，must常用于肯定句，may，might用于否定句可表示“可能不 ，can常用于否定句和疑问句，用于否定句表示 不可能 。

例句：— — Can the man standing there be OUY physics teacher?

— — No．he can’t be our physics teacher．

— — 站在那边的那个人可能是我们的物理老师吗?

— — 不，不可能。

2．should的用法

should常表示“应该”，但可置于句首用于条件状语从句(省去if)，表示。万一 ，还可表示 竟然

例句：Should you see the thiel,try to catch him．如果你见到小偷，尽量捉住他。

3．may，must，earl’t，should (shouldn’t)，ought to(oughtn’tto)．needn’t的完成式用法mav have done表示“可能已经做了某事 ，must have done表示“一定已经做了某事”，can’t have done表示“不可能已经做了某事”，should／ought to have done表示“本来应该做某事但实际未做 ，shouldn’t／oughtn’t to have done表示 本来不应该做某事但实际已做”，Ileedn’t have done表示“本来没有必要做某事但实际已做”。

例句：Our Chinese teacher isn’t in her offlee，so she may ／might／must have gone home．

我们的语文老师不在办公室，所以她可能／-～定回家了。

五、倒装句型考点

1．完全倒装句型考点

地点状语置于句首时需要使用完全倒装句型，将动词直接提前。

例句：At the back of our school stands a high tower．

我们学校后面矗立着一座高塔。

SO(肯定句中表示“也”)，neither，IOF(否定旬中表示“也”)，80.that. (引导结果状语从句)j only(不修饰主句)，no[only.but also. (不连接主语，连接两个分旬时第一个分旬倒装，第二个分句不倒装)，not until，Never，hardly，little，hardly.when.， SO SO01qe／"than，not a，nowhere，in no ease等词或短语置于句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。

例句：Only then did we realize the harm of pollution．

只有在那时我们才意识到污染的危害。

2．as引导的特殊倒装句型

as引导让步状语从句时可将表语、动词、副词提前，将as紧随其后。如果表语为单数可数名词，提前时应去掉不定冠词。

例句：Weak as she was，she still went on working．

尽管她身体虚弱，仍继续工作。

六、虚拟语气考点

1．与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件状语从句与过去事实相反时，从句动词用had done，主句动词用would，could，should，might have done，当从句动词含有were，had，could，should时可将其提至句首将if省略。

例句：Had I known it at that time，I would have told you．

如果那时我知道这件事一定告诉了你。

2．混合虚拟条件从句

如果if虚拟条件状语主从句时态不一致，应根据各自所体现的时间关系加以适当的调整，采用不同的动词形式。

例句：If she had told me her telephone number yesterday，Icould phone her now．

如果她昨天把她的电话号码告诉了我，我现在就可以给她打电话了。

3．with．without．but for引导的含蓄虚拟条件从句with，without，but for可取代if引导含蓄虚拟条件从句。

例句：With your help，I could have made more achievements．

如果得到你的帮助，我一定会取得更多成就。

4．wish引导的表示过去主观愿望的宾语从句

wish引导宾语从句时如果表示过去的主观愿望，从句动词应用had done或could have done。

例句：I wish I had ／could have watched that basketball matchyesterdayafternoon．

我希望我昨天下午看了那场篮球赛。

5．insist，suggest引导的宾语从句

insist，suggest接宾语从若表示建议应用虚拟语气，动词形式为(should)do，但如果insist表示 坚持认为，固执己见 ，suggest表示。表明、暗示 ，所在宾语从句应用陈述语气。

例句：Thedoctor insisted that the patient was seriously ill and(should)be 0Dcrated 0n at once． 医生坚持认为病人病得很严重，建议其立即做手术。

七、不定式考点

1．不定式做目的状语

不定式可做目的状语，如果对其强调可将其提至句首，此时应注意人称一致。

为了及时赶到那里，她将自行车骑得很快。

误：T0 get there in time．her bike waS ridden fast．

正：To get there in time．she rode her bike fast．

2．不定式做结果状语

不定式可做结果状语，强调出乎意料的动作，此时前面可加onlyo

例句:I went to see her to find her absent．

我去看她结果发现她不在家。

3．不定式的复杂形式

不定式除有一般式外，还有否定式not to do,进行式to bedoing、完成式to have done、被动式to be done、完成被动式tohave beendone等复杂形式。

例句;All the employees worked hard not to be fired．

为了不被解雇，所有的员工努力工作。

4．不定式独立主格结构

with+名词+不定式可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示未来的动作。

例句：Witha lot of work to do，I can’t help you at present．

因为有许多工作要做，我现在不能帮助你。

八、V—ing形式考点

1．V—ing形式做宾语

excuse. f0r. ，can’t help，suggest，include，insist on，keep on， consider, finish， practice， put off, postpone， delay，miss，avoid，give up，imagine，feel like，enjoy，risk，mind，appreciate，stand，escape等词后面只能接V—ing形式做宾语。remember 得曾做某事)，forget(忘了曾做某事)，mean(意谓着)，try(尝试)，regret (后悔)，go on (继续做同一件事)，stop(停止做某事)，need(主语需要被..)等词表示括号内的含义时也应接v—ing形式做宾语。

例句：The hare was lucky enough to have avoided being caught．

这只野兔很幸运，错过了被捉住。

2．V—ing形式做定语

V—ing形式做定语可表示被修饰名词的的用途和性质，也可表示正在进行的动作。

例句：The great noise comes from the building being built now．

这巨大的噪音来自正在被建的楼房。

3．V—ing形式做状语

V—ing形式做状语常表示动作正在进行，此时应注意它的逻辑主语为主句主语。

例句：Holding a book in his hand，he came into the room．

他手里拿着一本书走进了房间。

4. V—ing形式做宾语补足语

V—ing形式做宾语补足语也表示动作正在进行。

例句：WhenI came to the five~ide．I f0und girl struggling inthe water．

来到河边时我看见一个女孩在水中挣扎。

5. V—ing形式独立主格结构

with+名词+V—ing形式可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示正在进行的动作。

例句：With the water still rising，the villages couldn’t return totheir village．

因为水位还在上涨，村民们无法回到村里。

6．V—ing形式复杂形式

V—ing形式除有一般式外还有完成式having done，被动式being done，完成被动式having been done，否定式not doing，完成否定式not having done，完成被动式的否定式not havingbeen done。

例句：Havingsaid goodbye to each other， the children wenthome．

彼此说了再见之后，孩子们回家了。

九、过去分词考点猜想

1．过去分词做状语

过去分词做状语常表示被动的动作，也可因来自系表结构而表示主动的动作。

例句：Caught in a heavy rain，the girl was all wet．

因为被浇了一场大雨，这女孩浑身湿透了。

2．过去分词独立主格结构

with+名词+过去分词可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示被动的动作。

例句：With his homework finished， the boy went out to getrelaxed．

因为家庭作业完成了，这个男孩出去放松了一下。

#英语资源# 导语定语从句作为英语语法，在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分，也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大，屡屡让同学们在考试中丢分数、失信心、丧斗志！以下内容由 ！

定语从句“三要素”

1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词

①指人的先行词

②指物的先行词

先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, whichsurprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词

2.关系词：引导定语的词

(1)关系词的作用

①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）

②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）

③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）

(2)关系词的分类

①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类

②关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）

③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)

3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子

定语从句的分类

1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。

He is a teacher whoworks at our school.

2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)

Beijing, whichis the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.

比较：

He has two sons, who work in the same company.

(He has only two sons.)

He has two sons who work in the same company.

(Perhaps he has two more sons)

定语从句的10个难点

1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)

(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语

She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)

(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语

He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)

(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略

Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.

比较：

Housing price is a problem in whichpeople are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）

2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)

(1)用that的情况

①以疑问词who开头的句子中

Who is the man thatis shouting there?

②关系代词在从句中作表语时

She is not the girl thatshe used to be.

③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰

This is the very person thatwe are looking for.

(2)用who的情况

①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等

Those whowant to go to the cinemawill have to wait at the gate of the school.

②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who

Who is the boy thatwon the gold medal?

③在there be 结构中

There are many young men whoare against him.

④在非限定性定语从句当中

Tom, whois my best friend,has gone abroad to study.

3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)

(1)用which的情况

①在非限定性定语从句中

She lost the game, whichdepressed her greatly.

②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语

The pen with whichyou writeis Jack’s.

③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.

Let me show you the novel thatI borrowed from the librarywhichis newly open to us.

(2)用that的情况

①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等

She did all thatshe couldto help us.

②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时

This is the very book thatI want.

③先行词中既有人又有物时

She described in her compositions the people and he places thatimpressed her most.

④先行词前有序数词或形容词*高级修饰时

This is the best book thatI have ever read.

This is the first film thatI’ve seensince I came here.

⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that

He built a factory whichproduced thingsthathad never been seen before.

⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that

Who is the person thatis standing at the gate?

4.As引导定语从句用法

(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。

常用于以下句型当中：Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样 the same …. as… 和…...同样的

A computer is souseful a machine aswe can use everyday.

He is not the sameman ashe was.

(2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。 可以放在句首，句中或句末。

As I remember, there were a net bar here.

Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.

the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别

This is the samebike thatI lost yesterday.(同一事物)

This is the samebike asI lost yesterday. （同类事物）

5.关系副词的运用

(1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等

I still remember the day whenI first came to Beijing. (when=on which)

(2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等

Can you tell me the office wherehe works?

(where = in which)

(3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.

I don’t want to listen to any reason whyyou were absent.

(why = for which)

关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词

Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等

What are the situations wherebody languageis the only form of communication?

在哪些情况下身体语言是的沟通方式。(此时where = in which)

6.几个特殊的先行词

(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which / 不填

The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.

比较：The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple.

way在定语中作tell的宾语

(2)先行词time

time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句

This is the first time thatthe president has visited the country.

time作“一段时间” 讲时，应用关系副词when

This was the time whenthere were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets

此时when = during which 在..期间

(3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填

This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here.

比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.

reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语

7.介词+关系代词

该结构的关系代词只有两种即 介词+which（指物） 介词+whom（指人）

该结构介词的选用原则：

(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配

This is the book on whichI spent $ 8.

This is the book for whichI paid $ 8.

(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯

I remember the days during whichI lived there.

I remember the day on whichI graduated from university.

(3)根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定

The colorless gas without whichwe can’t live is called oxygen.

(4)英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。

Here is the money with which to buy the piano.

She is the right person on whom to depend

注意：

①如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略

The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.

②有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等

This is the baby that you will look after.

8.定语从句的主谓一致

(1)当先行词是 one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式

The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings thatdraw lots of visitor every year.

(2)当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式

The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth thatis seen from the moon.

(3)先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数

Great changes have taken place in China, asis known to all.

He has passed the driving test, whichsurprises all of us.

9.定语从句的转化

定语从句可以转换为 –ing或-ed形式

The girl (who is) dancing nowjust returned from Taiwan.

I love the stories (which were) written by Hemingway.

The man (who stands) standing thereis my friend.

10.定语从句的解题方法

(1)判断从句是否为定语从句 （先行词，关系词，定语从句）

(2)准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词

注意：

①关系代词whose的用法。Whose在定语从句中做定语。

当先行词是人： whose = the + 名词 + of whom

当先行词是物：whose = the + 名词 + of which

Do you know the boy whose parents / the parents of whom are on holiday?

I’d like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.

②That引导定语从句，名词性从句 和 强调句型的区别:

定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。

名词性从句中的that：从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。

强调句中的that, 运用于it is/was…that..结构；判断标准：去掉强调句型结构，成分仍然完整。

比较：

This is the book that I am looking for.

(that 引导定语从句)

It is at Bashu middle school that I have studied for three years.

(that和前面的it is构成强调句型)

The fact that he stole the money surprised all of us.

(that 引导名词性从句--同位语从句)

That he will come to the conference has excited all of us.

(that引导名词性从句--主语从句)

We all expect that they win, for members of their team are stronger.

(that引导名词性从句--宾语从句)

The reason for your failure is that you lack confidence in yourself.

(that 引导名词性从句--表语从句)

定语从句专项练习

把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句

1.The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4.The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13.This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14.I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19.In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.